Development and Expansion of Born Global Firms in Serbia
Pretpostavke nastanka i ekspanzije „globalno rođenih” preduzeća u Srbiji
Abstract
Early internationalization has been widely recognized as an important research topic since 1990s when the term “born global firms” was for the first time introduced. Although there is significant research interest for early in-ternationalization in developed and developing countries, in Serbia and Western Balkan this topic has not received considerable attention from the scientific community. At the same time, early internationalization of small and medium-sized firms is present and can not be neglected in the region and Serbia. This paper aims to identify the main prerequisites for the development of born global firms, and to identify and analyze small and medium-sized firms from Serbia with international business orientation from their founding. The analysis will be conducted based on literature review and available secondary data on small and medium-sized firms and their export. In this way, the early internationalized small and medium-sized firms from Serbia will be mapped. As there are no available databases, this research will provide first insight into the extent of early internationalization and emergence of born global firms, and their characteristics, regarding industry, location, number of employees, business experience, and export expansion. The results would be discussed in regard to the studies conducted in developed countries. Some policy implications in the area of export promotion will be recognized.
Apstrakt
Rana internacionalizacija preduzeća je značajna tema u inostranoj literaturi još od devedesetih godina prošlog veka, kada se prvi put pojavio termin „globalno rođenih” preduzeća. Iako postoje brojna istraživanja u razvijenim i zemljama u razvoju, u Srbiji i regionu Zapadnog Balkana ova tema još uvek nije privukla značajnu pažnju naučne zajednice. S druge strane, trend razvoja ranointernacionalizovanih malih i srednjih preduzeća nije zaobišao pomenuti region i Srbiju. Cilj ovog rada je identifikacija najznačajnijih pretpostavki nastanka i razvoja “globalno rođenih preduzeća”, kao prepoznavanje i analiza malih i srednjih preduzeća iz Srbije sa međunarodnom poslovnom orijentacijom od svog osnivanja. Analiza će biti predstavljena na osnovu pregleda literature i raspoloživih sekundarnih podataka o malim i srednjim preduzećima iz Srbije i njihovom izvozu. Na taj način će biti mapirana ranointernacionalizovana mala i srednja preduzeća iz Srbije. Kako ne postoje baze podataka o ovoj vrsti preduzeća, ovo istraživanje će prižiti prvi uvid u razmere rane internacionalizacije i nastanka “globalno rođenih” preduzeća, njihove karakteristike, pre svega u pogledu sektorske pripadnosti, lokacije, broja zaposlenih, starosti, karakteristika izvozne ekspanzije. Rezultati će biti diskutovani u odnosu na rezultate studija u razvijenim zemljama. Na kraju će biti prepoznate implikacije rezultata za kreatore ekonomskih politika, pre svega u domenu unapređenja izvoza.
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