Prospects and Motives of Internationalization of China’s Auto Companies – Case Studies Geely and Great Wall
Motivi i perspektive internacionalizacije kineskih auto kompanija – Studije slučaja Geely i Great Wall
Abstract
The beginning of the 21st century is characterized by huge socio – economic changes. Rising economic importance of densely populated emerging markets has been one of the most important changes in this period. China stands out among other emerging markets. Vibrant economic development pushes up the number of multinational companies from China with growing competitive importance on the global market. China’s multinational companies as a recent phenomenon cannot be completely explained by the earlier theories of multinational companies which are based on institutional context and business characteristics of multinational companies from developed countries. Internationalization of multinational companies from China and other emerging markets is driven by slightly different motives. Internationalization motives of China’s companies from technology intensive industries, such as auto industry, will be analyzed in this paper. The paper comprises two case studies: auto companies Geely and Great Wall. The case studies will refute the thesis that companies internationalize their business operations with the aim of additionally exploiting domestic competitive advantage. China’s auto companies internationalize their operations primarily to develop their own business capabilities and gain positive reputation.
Apstrakt
Početak 21. veka obeležile su krupne socio–ekonomske promene. Jedna od glavnih promena u ovom periodu je rastući značaj brzorastućih ekonomija. Među ovim zemljama se posebno izdvaja Kina. Zbog ubrzanog ekonomskog rasta povećao se broj i konkurentski značaj multinacionalnih kompanija iz Kine. Fenomen kineskih multinacionalnih kompanija, koji je novijeg datuma, ne može u potpunosti biti objašnjen ranijim teorijama o multinacionalnim kompanijama. Ranije teorije su se bazirale na institucionalnom kontekstu razvijenih zemalja i poslovnim karakteristikama njihovih multinacionalnih kompanija. Motivi internacionalizacije preduzeća iz Kine i ostalih brzorastućih ekonomija su u određenoj meri drugačiji. U ovom radu biće analizirani motivi internacionalizacije kineskih preduzeća u tehnološki intenzivnoj grani, kao što je auto industrija. Rad će se bazirati na dve studije slučaja: 1) auto kompanije Geely i 2) auto kompanije Great Wall. Rezultati studija slučaja pokazuju da tradicionalna pretpostavka da kompanije internacionalizuju poslovanje kako bi i u inostranstvu eksploatisale konkurentsku prednost koju poseduju na domaćem tržištu, u ovom slučaju ne važi. Glavni motiv internacionalizacije kineskih auto kompanija je da razviju poslovne kompetencije i steknu pozitivnu poslovnu reputaciju.
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